{"id":78674,"date":"2023-11-04T15:35:00","date_gmt":"2023-11-04T20:35:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/?post_type=bird&#038;p=78674"},"modified":"2023-11-04T15:35:00","modified_gmt":"2023-11-04T20:35:00","slug":"oropendola-a-crete","status":"publish","type":"bird","link":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/oiseau\/oropendola-a-crete\/","title":{"rendered":"Oropendola \u00e0 cr\u00eate"},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Psarocolius decumanus<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":76456,"template":"","class":[2061],"continent":[],"country":[517,518,519,521,516,524,3728,1926,507,1990,509,2021,2031,2045],"families":[2259],"genus":[3165],"location":[],"orders":[2112],"seasonality":[],"spotter":[],"class_list":["post-78674","bird","type-bird","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","class-aves","country-argentina","country-bolivia","country-brazil","country-colombia","country-costa-rica","country-ecuador","country-french-guiana","country-guyana","country-panama","country-paraguay","country-peru","country-suriname","country-trinidad-and-tobago","country-venezuela","families-icteridae","genus-psarocolius","orders-passeriformes"],"acf":{"scientific_name":"Psarocolius decumanus","animal_description":"Large blackbird with thick triangular bill. Dark blackish plumage, fading to paler reddish-brown at rear. At a distance, appears all black. Striking yellow tail and pale blue eye. Separated from other oropendolas by combination of large size and dark color. Often found in loose flocks anywhere with some trees, including forests, edges, and even disturbed open habitats. Oropendolas are colonial nesters that build hanging woven nests. ","animal_habitat":"The Crested Oropendola primarily inhabits tropical and subtropical regions, thriving in lowland forests, forest edges, and cultivated areas with scattered trees. This bird is especially common in open woodlands, secondary forests, and savannas where tall trees are present. It can also be found in mangroves and swamps, showing some adaptability to various moist habitats, provided that sufficient tree cover exists for nesting and foraging.\n\nGeographically, the Crested Oropendola ranges from southern Central America down through the northern parts of South America. Specifically, it is widespread in countries such as Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, and stretches across the Amazon Basin into countries like Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. Its range also includes parts of the Guianas and Trinidad. Due to its extensive distribution and adaptability to different environments, it is not currently considered at risk.","animal_behavior_and_reproduction":"Crested Oropendolas exhibit complex social structures, often forming large colonies with a hierarchical system. During the breeding season, males become highly territorial, using their distinctive calls and elaborate display flights to attract females and deter rival males. Their striking yellow tail feathers and haphazard flight patterns play crucial roles in courtship rituals. Females are responsible for weaving intricate, long hanging nests from plant fibers, often clustering these nests in trees for communal protection against predators.\n\nReproduction involves a polygynous system where dominant males mate with multiple females, ensuring the propagation of their genetic traits. Once mating is successful, females lay two to three eggs and handle all incubation and chick-rearing duties. This strategy allows males to invest their energy in securing additional mating opportunities, while the colony structure provides a level of collective vigilance and defense against threats.","diet":"Diet consists of insects, seeds, grain, fruit and nectar. Senses: They have good eyesight that is used for finding food and evading predators.","colors":"They are mostly black with a chestnut rump, bright yellow tail and pale yellowish bill. Males possess a black crest along the head. Females are smaller, have a duller coloration and a less pronounced crest. This species has vivid blue eyes and the bill is cone-shaped.","fun_facts":"Listen for bizarre gurgling noises. Outside of the breeding season, the crested oropendola is nearly silent.","conservation_status_&_efforts":"The Crested Oropendola (Psarocolius decumanus) currently holds a conservation status of Least Concern according to the IUCN Red List. Its population is considered stable, and the species is widespread across its range in Central and South America. Though it does face habitat loss due to deforestation for agriculture and urbanization, these threats have not yet led to significant population declines. Additionally, the species\u2019 adaptability to secondary forests and mixed agricultural landscapes has helped mitigate some adverse effects of habitat destruction.\n\nConservation efforts for the Crested Oropendola primarily focus on habitat protection through the establishment of protected areas and sustainable land management practices. Environmental organizations and government agencies work to preserve large tracts of forest and implement reforestation projects. Public awareness campaigns also aim to encourage local communities to engage in eco-friendly practices that support biodiversity conservation. These initiatives collectively contribute to maintaining the species' stable population trends.","endemic":false,"conservation_status":"Least concern","related_animals_countries":[73115,73129,73132,73145,73147,73158,73179,73243,73245,73246,73277,73287,73301],"related_animals_habitats":[74183],"related_animals_observation_areas":[77287,76221],"related_animals_projects":"","ebird_link":{"title":"e-Bird","url":"https:\/\/ebird.org\/species\/creoro1","target":"_blank"},"animal_related_page":"","video_link":null,"gallery":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/bird\/78674","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/bird"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/bird"}],"acf:post":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/spotting-area\/76221"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/spotting-area\/77287"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/habitat\/74183"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/countries\/73301"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/countries\/73287"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/countries\/73277"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/countries\/73246"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/countries\/73245"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/countries\/73243"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/countries\/73179"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/countries\/73158"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/countries\/73147"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/countries\/73145"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/countries\/73132"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/countries\/73129"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/countries\/73115"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/76456"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=78674"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"class","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/class?post=78674"},{"taxonomy":"continent","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/continent?post=78674"},{"taxonomy":"country","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/country?post=78674"},{"taxonomy":"families","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/families?post=78674"},{"taxonomy":"genus","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/genus?post=78674"},{"taxonomy":"location","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/location?post=78674"},{"taxonomy":"orders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/orders?post=78674"},{"taxonomy":"seasonality","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/seasonality?post=78674"},{"taxonomy":"spotter","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wildexpedition.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/spotter?post=78674"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}