The Blue-and-black Tanager (Tangara vassorii) is a small tanager is found in the upper subtropical and temperate forest, higher than most other small Andean tanagers. Mostly blue with black wings, small black mask, and one blue wingbar. Fairly common; usually found in pairs, often following a mixed species flock through the canopy.

Habitats & Distribution

The Blue-and-black Tanager thrives primarily in montane forests and edges, often at elevations between 1,200 and 3,300 meters. It favors humid environments, typically in subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, where abundant vegetation provides ample food sources and nesting sites. Geographically, this species is distributed across the Andes, from Venezuela through Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and into Bolivia. It tends to reside in forested areas but is also occasionally found in semi-open spaces, secondary forests, and plantations, indicating some level of adaptability to altered habitats.

Behaviours & Reproduction

The Blue-and-black Tanager exhibits relatively elusive and discreet behavior, often seen in pairs or small family groups. These birds are known for their monogamous mating habits, forming strong pair bonds that last through the breeding season. During courtship, males engage in displays that include vocalizations and physical gestures to attract females. Nesting typically occurs in secluded, well-hidden locations, such as dense foliage or the fork of a tree, where the female primarily takes on the responsibility of building the nest. Reproduction involves both parents sharing the duties of incubation and feeding the chicks. After the female lays a clutch of 2-3 eggs, she incubates them for about 14-15 days, while the male provides food and protection. Once hatched, the chicks are altricial, requiring significant parental care. Both parents actively feed the chicks a diet rich in fruits and insects until they fledge, usually around 18-20 days after hatching. This cooperative breeding strategy ensures higher success rates in raising the young in the often challenging Andean environments they inhabit.

Diet

Fruits, insects

Colors

Mostly blue with black wings, small black mask, and one blue wingbar.

Fun Facts

Could be confused with Masked Flowerpiercer but note black wings and more restricted black mask.

Conservation Status & Efforts

The Blue-and-black Tanager (Tangara vassorii) is currently classified as Least Concern by the IUCN due to its relatively wide distribution across the mountainous regions of northern South America. However, it faces population pressures primarily from habitat loss driven by deforestation for agricultural expansion and logging. Despite its adaptable nature, which allows it to inhabit montane forests and edge environments, the ongoing reduction of these habitats could impact its population stability in the long term. To mitigate these threats, various conservation efforts are being implemented. Protected areas within its range, such as national parks and reserves, play a crucial role in preserving significant tracts of its natural habitat. Additionally, there are initiatives aimed at reforestation and sustainable land-use practices that help maintain forest cover. Collaboration between conservation organizations and local communities is also essential to ensure that conservation strategies are effective and communities are engaged in protecting this species' habitat.