The Red-bellied Grackle (Hypopyrrhus pyrohypogaster) is a bird species with iridescent black feathers and a vibrant red belly. It is known for its melodic calls and its habit of foraging in groups. Unmistakable Colombian endemic. Sexes similar. Found in small flocks in the canopy of cloud forest from around 1,000–2,400 m, sometimes in mixed flocks with jays or caciques. Listen for loud shrieks and gurgles.
Habitats & Distribution
The Red-bellied Grackle (Hypopyrrhus pyrohypogaster) inhabits tropical montane forests, often favoring areas with dense undergrowth and abundant fruiting plants. These environments typically range in elevation from 1,200 to 2,200 meters above sea level. Preferring the humid and wet conditions of the Andean cloud forests, this bird thrives in regions characterized by high biodiversity and thick vegetation that provides ample foraging opportunities. Geographically, the Red-bellied Grackle is endemic to Colombia, with its distribution limited to the central Andes. It is primarily found in the departments of Antioquia, Caldas, Quindío, Risaralda, and Tolima. Due to its restricted range and the ongoing threat of habitat destruction, primarily from agricultural expansion and deforestation, the conservation of its forest habitats is crucial to the species’ survival.
Behaviours & Reproduction
The Red-bellied Grackle exhibits a complex social structure, often found in small flocks that forage together, enhancing their vigilance against predators. During the breeding season, these social units become even more cohesive as they engage in cooperative behaviors. Mating habits include elaborate courtship displays where the males showcase their striking reddish underparts and produce varied vocalizations to attract females. Once a pair bond is formed, both parents participate in nest-building and play an active role in raising the young. Reproduction in Red-bellied Grackles is marked by a strong emphasis on teamwork. Multiple pairs within a flock may nest in close proximity, benefiting from shared vigilance and predator defense. The species tends to breed during the rainy season, ensuring ample food supply for the chicks. Nests are constructed in trees or shrubs, and the females lay clutches of 2-4 eggs. Incubation is predominantly the female's task, lasting about two weeks, but post-hatching, both parents vigorously feed and protect the nestlings until they fledge.
Diet
Insects, fruits, seeds
Colors
Long-tailed, and all-black with a bright red belly and piercing yellow eye
Fun Facts
It is commonly found in wetlands, forests, and open areas. : large,
Conservation Status & Efforts
The Red-bellied Grackle, a bird endemic to Colombia, is currently listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List due to its declining population, which is primarily threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation. The species inhabits subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, and much of its habitat has been converted for agricultural use, logging, and urban development, reducing its available living space and food resources. Conservation efforts for the Red-bellied Grackle include habitat protection and restoration projects, particularly in key areas like the Central and Western Andes. Organizations and local communities are working together to establish and expand protected areas and forest reserves. Additionally, conservation programs focus on reforestation with native tree species and environmental education to promote the importance of preserving the bird's natural habitat. Monitoring programs are also in place to track population trends and inform future conservation strategies.
