The Rufous Motmot (Baryphthengus martii) has a green body, a rufous-colored cap, and a long, racket-tipped tail. It measures around 35 centimeters (14 inches) in length. Large forest-dweller that likes to sit motionless. Most similar to smaller Broad-billed Motmot; note larger size, rufous chin, and more extensive rufous on belly. Often found singly or in pairs inside forest, usually below canopy. Listen for deep hooting call, “woo-doop”, sometimes given as a single call or sometimes as ongoing hooting laughter.
Habitats & Distribution
The Rufous Motmot primarily inhabits lowland tropical forests and can often be found in dense, humid evergreen forests as well as forest edges, secondary forests, and sometimes plantations. This species prefers areas with plenty of canopy cover, flying between trees and often residing in the mid to lower levels of the forest. It thrives in regions with a rich presence of insect prey and fruits, and sometimes ventures near streams or rivers within or adjacent to these forested areas. Geographically, the Rufous Motmot is distributed across a significant part of Central and South America. Its range extends from southern Mexico through Central America, including countries such as Belize, Costa Rica, Panama, and into the northern and western regions of South America, including Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela. Throughout its range, the bird is generally found at elevations up to 1,500 meters, although it is most commonly seen at lower altitudes.
Behaviours & Reproduction
Rufous Motmots exhibit monogamous mating habits, typically forming long-term pairs. These pairs are territorial and often engage in mutual preening as part of their bonding process. Their courtship displays involve vocal duets and synchronized tail movements, which help in strengthening pair bonds and deterring rival pairs from their territory. During the breeding season, which usually coincides with the onset of the rainy season, Rufous Motmots excavate burrows in earthen banks or forest floor, where they lay their eggs. Both parents share the responsibility of incubating the eggs and feeding the chicks once they hatch. The social structure of Rufous Motmots is centered around these mated pairs, which maintain and defend their territory together. One unique reproductive strategy they employ is the use of their long bills and robust bodies to dig extensive horizontal tunnels, which can be quite deep, providing a safe nesting site away from many predators. This not only shields the eggs and chicks but also may help in thermoregulation inside the nest burrow.
Diet
Insects, small vertebrates, and fruits.
Colors
Head and breast rufous-orange with black mask and breast spot. Green back and long tail.
Fun Facts
Are known for their unique courtship display, where they swing their tail back and forth like a pendulum. They are often seen perched motionless for long periods, scanning their surroundings for prey. The Rufous Motmot is a medium-sized bird species with a distinctive rufous-colored and a long, racket-tipped tail.
Conservation Status & Efforts
The Rufous Motmot (Baryphthengus martii) is classified as Least Concern by the IUCN due to its wide distribution across Central and South America. However, its population is thought to be decreasing, primarily due to habitat loss and fragmentation resulting from deforestation for agriculture, logging, and human settlement expansion. Although it has a relatively large range, these anthropogenic activities significantly impact its habitat quality and availability. Conservation efforts for the Rufous Motmot include habitat protection and restoration initiatives. Protected areas such as national parks and reserves within its range play a crucial role in safeguarding its environment. Additionally, reforestation projects and sustainable land-use practices are being promoted to counteract habitat destruction. Continued monitoring and research are essential to understand population dynamics and to adapt conservation strategies effectively.