Violet-tailed Sylph

Aglaiocercus coelestis

The Violet-tailed Sylph (Aglaiocercus coelestis) is a colorful hummingbird species found in the forests of Colombia. It has a green body, a violet tail, and a long, curved bill. It hovers near flowers, feeding on nectar using its long tongue. It is known for its territorial behavior and its aerial displays. Found in the foothills and subtropical zones of the Andes, from around 900–2,000 m, only in western Ecuador and Colombia. Usually forages low in forest or at the forest edge. Visits feeders.

Habitats & Distribution

The Violet-tailed Sylph inhabits humid and wet montane forests, primarily cloud forests, at elevations ranging from 300 to 2,200 meters above sea level. This bird is closely associated with dense, moist environments that provide ample floral resources and canopy cover, both crucial for its feeding and nesting habits. Epiphyte-laden forests with abundant flowering plants, such as bromeliads and orchids, complement its preference for shaded and cool areas. Geographically, the Violet-tailed Sylph's range is limited to the western Andes of Colombia and northwestern Ecuador. Within these regions, it is most commonly observed in the Chocó biogeographic region, an area renowned for its biodiversity and high levels of endemism. This specific distribution underscores the bird's reliance on the unique climatic and ecological conditions found in the Andean cloud forests.

Behaviours & Reproduction

The Violet-tailed Sylph exhibits a polygynous mating system, where males display their vibrant plumage and elongated tail feathers to attract females. During courtship, males engage in aerial displays and aggressive chases to establish dominance and impress potential mates. These displays are usually performed in well-lit, open areas within their preferred cloud forest habitat, enhancing the visibility of their iridescent feathers. Once a female selects a mate, she is solely responsible for nest building, incubation, and caring for the young. The nest, constructed from moss, fern spores, and spider webs, is typically hidden in dense foliage for protection. After laying one to three eggs, the female incubates them for about two to three weeks. Upon hatching, the chicks are altricial, requiring significant parental care. The female diligently feeds them with regurgitated nectar and insects until they fledge in approximately three weeks. The male does not partake in raising the offspring, as his primary role is to continue competing for mates.

Diet

Nectar, small insects

Colors

Male is mostly emerald green with blue-green throat. Long forked tail is iridescent purple and blue. Female is much different but still distinctive with her orange belly and white breast.

Fun Facts

Striking hummingbird with extremely long tail.

Conservation Status & Efforts

The Violet-tailed Sylph (Aglaiocercus coelestis) is currently listed as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List. Its population is suspected to be in decline primarily due to habitat loss and fragmentation caused by deforestation and agricultural expansion in its native range in Colombia and Ecuador. The primary threats to this species include logging, land conversion for agriculture, and the spread of plantations that replace native forests. Conservation efforts focus on protecting and restoring its natural habitat. Important measures include the establishment of protected areas and reserves, as well as reforestation projects that aim to restore degraded habitats. Conservationists are also working with local communities to promote sustainable farming practices and to create buffer zones around critical habitats. Additionally, ongoing research and monitoring are essential to track population trends and to ensure that conservation strategies are effective.

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