The Red-rumped Woodpecker (Dryobates kirkii) is 16.5 cm long and weighs 28g., small, relatively drab woodpecker; olive-brown above and barred brown and white below. Both sexes have a yellow nape and a red rump (although this can be difficult to see). Males also have a red crown. Look for singles or pairs foraging at all levels in lowland forest, second growth, and mangroves. Often follows mixed-species flocks.
Habitats & Distribution
The Red-rumped Woodpecker inhabits tropical and subtropical forests, woodlands, and mangroves, primarily favoring areas with dense tree cover and an abundance of dead or decaying wood, which is essential for foraging and nesting. It thrives in both primary and secondary growth forests, demonstrating a degree of adaptability to disturbed habitats. Geographically, this species is distributed across a range that spans much of Central and South America, from southern Mexico through Central America, reaching as far south as Colombia, Venezuela, and parts of Brazil and Peru. Its range includes a variety of altitudes, from lowland areas to montane forests, evidencing its versatility in different forested environments.
Behaviours & Reproduction
The Red-rumped Woodpecker exhibits a largely monogamous mating behavior. During the breeding season, typically between late April and August, pairs engage in mutual drumming and calling as courtship rituals. Nesting primarily occurs in tree cavities that both sexes help excavate. These woodpeckers demonstrate strong territoriality, aggressively defending their nesting sites from intruders. In terms of reproduction, both parents share responsibilities; after the female lays a clutch of typically 2 to 4 eggs, both the male and female incubate the eggs and later feed the chicks. This biparental care continues until fledging, with the young usually leaving the nest about three weeks after hatching. Unique among some woodpecker species, Red-rumped Woodpeckers will sometimes reuse old nesting cavities, either their own or those previously abandoned by other birds.
Diet
Insects, ants, and tree sap
Colors
Adults are mainly golden-olive above with a few buff spots on the wings, and a red rump. Their buff-white underparts are finely barred with dark brown, and the tail is blackish brown.
Fun Facts
The red-rumped woodpecker is 16.5 cm long and weighs 28g.
Conservation Status & Efforts
The Red-rumped Woodpecker (Dryobates kirkii) is currently classified as a species of Least Concern on the IUCN Red List, suggesting that it is not at immediate risk of extinction. Despite this relatively secure status, the population trend is believed to be decreasing due to habitat loss and fragmentation. The primary threats include deforestation for agriculture, logging, and urban development, which reduce the availability of suitable nesting and foraging areas. Conservation efforts for the Red-rumped Woodpecker are generally integrated into broader initiatives aimed at preserving tropical and subtropical forest habitats. Protected areas and national parks play a crucial role in safeguarding critical habitats. Additionally, sustainable forest management practices and reforestation projects are being promoted to mitigate habitat destruction. Local conservation organizations often work on raising awareness and engaging communities in habitat preservation efforts to ensure the long-term survival of this species.
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