Panama: Complete Travel Guide

Highlights of Panama

Must-See Attractions

Panama offers a mix of vibrant urban life, historical landmarks, and natural beauty. Panama Canal, a marvel of engineering, is a must-visit to witness colossal ships navigating through its locks. Casco Viejo, the old quarter of Panama City, boasts colonial architecture, lively plazas, and an array of restaurants and bars. For a dash of nature within the city, Metropolitan Natural Park offers hiking trails and wildlife spotting opportunities.

Unique Experiences

For a unique experience, visit the indigenous Emberá villages in the Darién region, where you can immerse yourself in traditional culture and crafts. Dive into the clear waters of the San Blas Islands and explore the coral reefs. Adventure seekers can hike the dormant Barú Volcano in Boquete for a chance to see both the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans from its peak.

Natural Wonders

Panama’s natural wonders include the lush Chiriquí Highlands, home to coffee plantations and cloud forests. The Gulf of Chiriquí offers stunning beaches and marine life, while Coiba National Park is renowned for its biodiversity, with everything from coral reefs to tropical rainforests.

Best Time to Visit

Weather Overview

Panama enjoys a tropical climate with two main seasons: dry (December to April) and wet (May to November). The dry season, or “summer,” is the most popular time to visit due to the pleasant weather and outdoor activities.

Peak Tourist Seasons

The dry season sees the highest number of tourists, especially around Christmas, New Year, and Easter. During these times, expect higher prices and more crowded attractions.

Off-Season Benefits

Visiting during the wet season has its perks. Rain showers are usually brief, and the landscape is lush and green. Plus, there are fewer tourists, which means lower prices and a more tranquil experience.

Getting There and Around

Major Airports

Panama is accessible via Tocumen International Airport (PTY), the country’s main international gateway located near Panama City. This airport connects Panama with numerous destinations worldwide and offers a range of services to travelers. Enrique Malek International Airport (DAV) in David serves as another point of entry, particularly for those heading to the Chiriquí Highlands or Bocas del Toro.

Local Transportation

In Panama City, the Metro system is efficient and affordable, with two lines covering major areas. Buses are the most common form of public transport across the country, though they can be crowded and schedules may be inconsistent. Taxis are widely available but always agree on the fare before starting your journey, as they often don’t use meters.

Car Rentals and Taxis

Renting a car gives you the freedom to explore Panama at your own pace. Major car rental companies operate in Panama City and at the airports. Be aware that traffic can be chaotic, especially in urban areas. For shorter distances, ride-hailing services like Uber are convenient and generally reliable.

Top Destinations

Panama City

Panama City is a blend of the old and new. Visit the Panama Canal, explore the historic Casco Viejo, and stroll along the Cinta Costera for stunning skyline views. Don’t miss the Biomuseo, a museum dedicated to Panama’s biodiversity.

Boquete

Nestled in the Chiriquí Highlands, Boquete is known for its cool climate, coffee plantations, and outdoor adventures. Hike to the top of Volcán Barú, the highest point in Panama, or explore the lush trails of Sendero Los Quetzales.

Bocas del Toro

An archipelago in the Caribbean, Bocas del Toro offers pristine beaches, vibrant nightlife, and rich biodiversity. Isla Colón is the main island, while Isla Bastimentos and Cayo Zapatilla are perfect for snorkeling and diving.

San Blas Islands

The San Blas Islands are an idyllic destination managed by the Guna Yala indigenous people. With over 300 islands, they offer crystal-clear waters, coral reefs, and a chance to experience traditional Guna culture.

Chiriquí Highlands

The Chiriquí Highlands, including towns like Boquete and Volcán, are renowned for their coffee plantations, cloud forests, and cooler temperatures. It’s an excellent region for bird watching, particularly for spotting the Resplendent Quetzal.

Wildlife Spotting Locations

Soberanía National Park

Located just a short drive from Panama City, Soberanía National Park is a haven for bird watchers, home to over 500 species. The Pipeline Road is famous for its birding opportunities, offering sightings of toucans, motmots, and even the elusive Harpy Eagle.

Coiba National Park

A UNESCO World Heritage Site, Coiba National Park is located off Panama’s Pacific coast. This marine reserve is ideal for spotting dolphins, whales, and an array of fish species. On land, look for howler monkeys and scarlet macaws.

Darién National Park

One of the most biodiverse regions in the world, Darién National Park is a remote jungle teeming with wildlife. Adventurous travelers can see jaguars, tapirs, and an astonishing variety of birds. It’s also home to indigenous communities.

Metropolitan Natural Park

Right in Panama City, Metropolitan Natural Park offers an urban escape with trails that lead to panoramic views of the city. It’s a great spot to see sloths, Geoffroy’s tamarins, and numerous bird species.

Isla Iguana Wildlife Refuge

Located in the Gulf of Panama, Isla Iguana Wildlife Refuge features pristine beaches and coral reefs. It’s known for its nesting sea turtles, frigate birds, and a variety of marine life, making it perfect for snorkeling and diving.

Wildlife Adventures

Bird Watching Hotspots

Panama is a bird watcher’s paradise. Key spots include Soberanía National Park, Boquete, and the San Blas Islands. Keep an eye out for the Resplendent Quetzal, Harpy Eagle, and toucans.

Mammal Sightings

For mammal enthusiasts, Darién National Park offers a chance to see jaguars, ocelots, and Baird’s tapirs. Metropolitan Natural Park is great for spotting sloths and tamarins. In Coiba National Park, you might encounter howler monkeys and white-faced capuchins.

Marine Life Excursions

Coiba National Park and the Gulf of Chiriquí are top destinations for marine life enthusiasts. Expect to see dolphins, humpback whales (especially between July and October), and a variety of fish and coral species. The San Blas Islands also offer excellent snorkeling and diving opportunities.

Nocturnal Wildlife Tours

Experience Panama’s wildlife after dark with a nocturnal tour. Gamboa Rainforest and Boquete offer guided night tours where you can spot frogs, insects, and nocturnal mammals like kinkajous and bats.

Local Cuisine and Dining

Traditional Dishes

Panamanian cuisine is a delightful blend of indigenous, African, and Spanish influences. Sancocho is a hearty chicken soup flavored with herbs and yams, perfect for any meal. Ropa Vieja features shredded beef in a rich tomato sauce, often served with rice and plantains. Don’t miss ceviche, a refreshing dish of marinated seafood, commonly served as a starter.

Street Food

Panama’s street food scene is vibrant and delicious. Try empanadas, savory pastries filled with meat or cheese. Carimañolas are yucca fritters stuffed with beef, chicken, or cheese. For a sweet treat, grab a raspado, a shaved ice dessert topped with fruit syrups and condensed milk.

Best Restaurants

In Panama City, head to Maito for contemporary Panamanian cuisine or Donde José for a tasting menu that highlights local ingredients. Restaurante Cuatro in Boquete offers a farm-to-table experience with fresh, local produce. For seafood lovers, El Trapiche in Casco Viejo serves traditional Panamanian dishes in a charming setting.

Food Markets

Explore the bustling Mercado de Mariscos (Seafood Market) in Panama City for the freshest catch of the day and some of the best ceviche in town. El Valle Market in El Valle de Antón is perfect for local produce, crafts, and traditional foods.

Accommodation Options

Luxury Hotels

For a luxurious stay, American Trade Hotel in Casco Viejo offers stylish rooms and top-notch service. The Bristol Panama in the financial district provides elegance and comfort. In the highlands, Hacienda Los Molinos Boutique Hotel offers stunning views and upscale amenities.

Budget Hostels

Travelers on a budget can find great options such as Luna’s Castle Hostel in Casco Viejo, which offers a social atmosphere and affordable dorms. In Bocas del Toro, Selina Hostel provides budget-friendly accommodation with a lively vibe. Hostel Mamallena in Boquete is a great choice for backpackers looking for comfort and community.

Eco-Lodges

Eco-conscious travelers will appreciate Canopy Tower, a bird-watching haven in Soberanía National Park. Tranquilo Bay Eco Adventure Lodge in Bocas del Toro offers sustainable luxury amidst lush forests and pristine waters. Mount Totumas Cloud Forest in the Chiriquí Highlands provides eco-friendly accommodation with breathtaking views and wildlife at your doorstep.

Unique Stays

For a unique experience, stay in a Guna Yala hut on the San Blas Islands, where you can immerse yourself in local culture and enjoy the simplicity of island life. Bambuda Lodge in Bocas del Toro combines dormitory and treehouse accommodations with direct access to the water and a range of adventure activities.