The Andean Teal (Anas andium) is an small duck found in high elevation lakes and wetlands from Venezuela, Colombia to southern Ecuador. Dark grayish-brown overall with spotted breast and fine vermiculations on head. Dark gray bill. Sexes similar. Usually uncommon; not as numerous as its southern counterpart, Yellow-billed Teal. Typically seen in pairs or small groups.

Habitats & Distribution

The Andean Teal is primarily found in the high-altitude regions of the Andes Mountains, ranging from Venezuela through Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and down into northern Chile and Argentina. It frequently occupies alpine and subalpine wetlands, including high-altitude lakes, ponds, and marshes. These habitats are typically situated at elevations between 2,000 and 4,500 meters above sea level, where the environment is characterized by cool temperatures and low oxygen levels. The bird prefers areas with abundant aquatic vegetation, which provides both food sources and nesting sites. In addition to natural wetlands, the Andean Teal can also be found in man-made reservoirs and agricultural fields that have suitable water bodies. Its adaptability to different wetland habitats makes it a common presence in these high-altitude environments throughout its range.

Behaviours & Reproduction

The Andean Teal exhibits monogamous mating habits, typically forming pairs during the breeding season. Courtship displays involve synchronized swimming and mutual preening, which strengthen the bond between mating pairs. They nest on the ground, often close to water, creating a shallow scrape lined with vegetation and down. In terms of social structure, the Andean Teal tends to be moderately gregarious outside of the breeding season, forming small flocks. Both parents are involved in raising the offspring, with the female primarily responsible for incubation, which lasts around 25-30 days, while the male guards the territory. Once hatched, the precocial ducklings are led to water almost immediately and are cared for by both parents until they fledge several weeks later.

Diet

Aquatic plants, insects, and small fish.

Colors

Brownish with a greenish head and neck.

Fun Facts

A member of the duck family. Found in high-altitude lakes and marshes in the Andes.

Conservation Status & Efforts

The Andean Teal (Anas andium) currently has a conservation status of Least Concern according to the IUCN Red List, indicating it is not at immediate risk of widespread decline. However, its population trend is believed to be decreasing, primarily due to habitat loss and degradation. Elevated farming activities, urban expansion, and pollution in the high-altitude wetlands it inhabits pose significant threats. Conservation efforts for the Andean Teal focus on habitat protection and management. Key measures include the establishment and enforcement of protected areas in the Andean highlands, restoration of degraded wetland habitats, and initiatives to maintain clean water sources. Additionally, there are ongoing scientific studies to monitor the population and understand ecological needs better, which help formulate effective conservation strategies.