A gralha-de-bico-branco tem o corpo verde com a garganta branca e um bico longo e curvo. Tem uma cauda bifurcada e penas iridescentes.
Habitats e distribuição
The White-throated Mountain-gem (Lampornis castaneoventris) thrives in humid montane forests and cloud forests at elevations ranging from 800 to 2,200 meters. These habitats are characterized by dense vegetation, ample floral resources, and a cool, moist climate which is essential for their survival and feeding habits. Geographically, this hummingbird species is primarily found in the highland regions of Costa Rica and western Panama. It prefers the understorey and mid-storey levels of forests, where it can access nectar from a variety of blooming plants, while also benefiting from the shelter provided by the thick foliage.
Comportamentos e reprodução
White-throated Mountain-gems exhibit intriguing mating and reproductive behaviors. Males often perform elaborate aerial displays and vocalizations to attract females. During these displays, males showcase their iridescent plumage and agility. Once a pair forms, the female takes on the primary responsibility for nest-building and rearing the young. She typically constructs a small, cup-shaped nest out of plant fibers, moss, and spider webs, camouflaged in a well-hidden location. After mating, the female lays one to two eggs, which she incubates alone for about two weeks. Post-hatching, she continues to care for the chicks by feeding them nectar and small insects. The chicks fledge approximately three weeks after hatching. White-throated Mountain-gems are generally solitary outside of the breeding season, and while males and females interact during courtship and mating, they do not form strong pair bonds and may mate with multiple partners over their lifetimes.
Dieta
Néctar e pequenos insectos
Cores
Green body, white throat
Factos divertidos
White-throated Mountain-gems are often found in the highlands, foraging for nectar from flowers. They have a high-pitched, buzzing call. These hummingbirds are known for their aggressive behavior, defending feeding territories against other hummingbirds.
Estado de conservação e esforços
The White-throated Mountain-gem is currently classified as Least Concern by the IUCN, indicating that it is not at immediate risk of extinction. However, its population trends show a gradual decline, primarily due to habitat loss and degradation driven by deforestation and agricultural expansion in its native range of Central America. The fragmentation of its montane forest habitat poses a significant threat, impacting its ability to find adequate food sources and breeding grounds. Conservation efforts for the White-throated Mountain-gem focus on habitat preservation and restoration. Key initiatives include the establishment of protected areas and the implementation of sustainable land-use practices to mitigate habitat fragmentation. Additionally, environmental education programs aim to raise awareness among local communities about the importance of conserving this species and its habitat. Continued research and monitoring are essential to track population changes and the effectiveness of these conservation measures.
