Impressively large bird restricted to lowland rainforest in northern Colombia. It is critically endangered due to deforestation and hunting pressure. Male is black with a white belly and tail tip, shaggy crest, and blue bulges at the base of the bill. Female has a chestnut belly, a variable amount of white barring on body and crest, and a hint of blue at the base of the bill. Younger birds have less blue in the bill. Mostly terrestrial, but may ascend to low branches to sing or when threatened.
Habitats & Distribution
The Blue-billed Curassow is primarily found in the tropical and subtropical moist lowland forests of Colombia, particularly in the Magdalena River valley and adjacent areas. Preferring dense, humid forests, it thrives in regions with abundant underbrush and a thick canopy, which provide ample cover and feeding opportunities. Its habitat often includes secondary forests and forest edges, but it is most commonly associated with undisturbed, primary forests. Geographically, the Blue-billed Curassow's range is highly restricted, and it is considered to be endemic to Colombia. Its distribution is currently limited due to habitat destruction and fragmentation, further confining its presence to a few isolated pockets within its historical range. Conservation efforts are underway to protect the remaining habitats and ensure the survival of this critically endangered species.
Behaviours & Reproduction
Blue-billed Curassows exhibit elusive and predominantly terrestrial behavior, often found foraging on the forest floor in small family groups or solitary pairs. They establish monogamous bonds, with pairs engaging in intricate courtship displays that include mutual preening and soft vocalizations to strengthen their bond. During the breeding season, the female typically lays two to three eggs in a well-concealed nest made of sticks and vegetation, situated in a dense thicket or low tree. Females are solely responsible for incubating the eggs over a period of approximately 27 to 30 days, while males contribute by bringing food and guarding the nest area. Upon hatching, the chicks are precocial, meaning that they are relatively mature and mobile shortly after birth, allowing them to quickly follow their mother as she forages. This reproductive strategy enhances the survival rate of the offspring in the dense and predator-rich habitats they occupy.
Diet
They eats fruits, worms, insects, snails, crayfish and sometimes carrion.
Colors
Primarily black bird with a distinctive bill decorated with blue cere and wattles.
Fun Facts
It is only likely to be encountered in protected areas such as El Paujil Bird Reserve and Tayrona National Park.
Conservation Status & Efforts
The Blue-billed Curassow (Crax alberti) is classified as Critically Endangered due to its restricted range in Colombia and an estimated population of fewer than 2,500 individuals, which continues to decline. The primary threats to this species include habitat loss due to deforestation for agriculture, illegal mining, and logging, as well as hunting pressure. These factors exacerbate the fragmentation of its already limited habitat, making population recovery challenging. Conservation efforts are focused on habitat protection and restoration, anti-poaching initiatives, and community engagement to promote sustainable land use practices. Specific measures include the establishment and management of protected areas, such as the El Paujil Nature Reserve, which provides a crucial sanctuary for the species. Additionally, captive breeding and reintroduction programs aim to bolster wild populations. Education and awareness campaigns are also essential components, helping to reduce hunting and highlighting the ecological importance of the Blue-billed Curassow.
